A career as a private investigator (PI) can be exciting and rewarding. But professionals in the field must be well-trained and ready to work in a dynamic field where no two days are the same. Arkansas State University’s 100% online Bachelor of Arts degree in Criminology equips students with the knowledge, skills and preparation needed to succeed in this high-growth field.
Through carefully designed coursework, aspiring PIs gain an in-depth understanding of the criminal justice system and factors that lead to delinquent behaviors, while developing their ability to conduct research and apply crime reduction strategies. In states that require licensing, this degree can satisfy educational requirements while lending credibility to professionals applying for roles in law enforcement, corrections, probation and other areas of the criminal justice system.
Requirements to Become a Private Investigator
While there is no uniform national licensing requirement for becoming a private investigator, more than 40 states and the District of Columbia mandate a state-issued license to practice. State requirements vary, with some states requiring certification, service or experience in law enforcement and a passing grade on a private investigator exam prior to application.
In most states, the minimum education requirement for applicants is a high school diploma or GED, however employers and clients often prefer private investigators with a bachelor’s degree in criminal justice, criminology or a related field. As with many career choices, having a degree can result in increased opportunities and higher pay.
Experience in fields like law enforcement, insurance investigations, military police or working under a licensed PI also gives professionals a competitive advantage, and education credits can help reduce the number of required apprenticeship hours. Most states require US citizenship or legal residency, and there are various requirements regarding carrying a firearm. In addition, states will require a criminal background check and fingerprint search.
Typical Responsibilities of Private Detectives and Investigators
Universally, private detectives and investigators interview clients or people relevant to a crime scene, conduct research, carry out surveillance, provide reports that detail investigation activities, observations and findings, and share results with clients and employers. Reports often include photo/video surveillance, and all activities must be conducted in compliance with local, state and federal laws such as privacy laws.
Private investigators are hired for a wide range of reasons and work in a variety of settings. Some assignments may involve locating a missing person or someone who is evading debt repayment or investigating theft or insurance fraud. Some investigators may provide surveillance on a spouse or partner that is suspected of infidelity, while others may specialize in cybercrime or corporate security.
Job and Salary Outlook for Private Detectives and Investigators
The field of private investigation is projected to grow at a faster than average rate of 6% between 2024 and 2034, according to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS). The average annual pay as reported by Salary.com is $52,702.
Glassdoor reports a higher annual salary range between $62k – $111k. While factors such as experience level, specific skills, industry types and the size of an organization determine how much a private investigator gets paid, a degree in criminology or a related field can greatly enhance a candidate’s earning potential.
Launching Your Career in Private Investigation
Arkansas State University’s online Bachelor of Arts in Criminology offers students a solid foundation for a career as a private investigator. The program’s flexible online format enables professionals to boost their credentials while they continue to work.
Through coursework that explores applied research, methods of social research and social statistics, students learn how to analyze crime patterns and understand social factors that contribute to criminal behavior, helping them cultivate skills that are directly applicable to investigative work. By providing both the educational credentials that many states require for licensing and the analytical expertise employers and clients seek, this flexible degree program positions working professionals to thrive in this dynamic, high-growth field.
Learn more about Arkansas State University‘s online B.A. in Criminology program.